Tony Iommi | |
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Iommi in the 1970s. | |
Background information | |
Birth Name | Anthony Frank Iommi |
Alias | Tony Iommi |
Born | 19 February 1948, Handsworth, Birmingham, England |
Occupation | Musician |
Genres | Heavy Metal, Doom Metal, Blues, Hard Rock |
Instrument(s) | Guitar |
Years active | 1964 - Present |
Labels | Warner Bros., I.R.S., Rhino, Vertigo |
Associated acts | Black Sabbath, Heaven & Hell, WhoCares?, Jethro Tull, Mythology, Iommi |
Website | Iommi Official |
Anthony Frank Iommi (/aɪˈoʊmi/; born 19 February 1948), better known as Tony Iommi, is an English guitarist, songwriter and producer. He was the lead guitarist and one of the four founding members of the pioneering heavy metal band Black Sabbath, and was the band's primary composer and sole continuous member for nearly five decades.
While working in a factory as a teenager, Iommi lost the tips of the middle and ring fingers of his right hand in an accident, an event which crucially impacted his playing style. He briefly left Black Sabbath (then known as Earth) in 1968 to join Jethro Tull, but did not record any material with the band, and subsequently returned to Black Sabbath in 1969. In 2000, he began a solo career starting with his first solo album Iommi, followed by 2005's Fused, which featured his former bandmate Glenn Hughes. After releasing Fused, he formed Heaven & Hell, which released a single album in 2009 and disbanded after Ronnie James Dio's death in 2010. In 2011, he published his autobiography, entitled Iron Man: My Journey Through Heaven and Hell with Black Sabbath.
Iommi's guitar playing would not only lay a foundation for heavy metal as a whole but his approach of down-tuning his guitar to help with tension would also influence heavy metal as a whole and giving a distinctive tone to the then-developing genre. Iommi has been widely regarded as one of the greatest guitarists of all time by several publications such as Rolling Stone (#25; Top 100),[1] SPIN (#18, Top 100),[2] Treble Zine (#15, Top 100),[3] Louder Sound (#14, Top 50; #2, Top 20 Metal),[4][5] Loudwire (#2, Top 66 Hard Rock and Metal)[6] and Guitar World (#1, Best Metal Guitarist of All Time)[7] among other publications.[8]
Biography[]
Early Life[]
Iommi was born in Birmingham, the only child of Sylvia Maria (née Valenti, born in Palermo) Iommi and Anthony Frank Iommi.[9] Sylvia's family were vineyard owners in Italy. The family was Catholic, though they rarely attended Mass. Their family home in the Park Lane area of Aston also housed a shop which was a popular meeting place in the neighborhood, with the living room doubling as the shop's stockroom. His mother ran the shop while his father was a carpenter by trade.[10]
Born and raised in Handsworth, Birmingham, Iommi attended Birchfield Road School, where future bandmate Ozzy Osbourne was also a student one year behind him.[11] At age 8 or 9, while being chased by another boy, Iommi fell and suffered a bad cut on his upper lip. As a result, he gained the nickname "Scarface", which made him more self-conscious of the scar, so he eventually grew his trademark moustache as a means of covering it.[12]
At about age 10, Iommi began working out and learned judo, karate, and later boxing as a means of protecting himself from the local gangs which congregated in his neighbourhood.[13] He envisioned a future as a bouncer in a nightclub.[14] Iommi initially wanted to play the drums, but due to the excessive noise he chose the guitar instead as a teenager, after being inspired by the likes of Hank Marvin and the Shadows.[15] He has always played guitar left-handed. After completing school, Iommi worked briefly as a plumber and later in a factory manufacturing rings. He stated that at one point he worked in a music store, but quit after being falsely accused of stealing.[16]
Accident[]
At the age of 17, Iommi lost the tips of the middle and ring fingers of his right hand in an industrial accident on his last day of work in a sheet metal factory.[17][18] Iommi described how he "was told 'you'll never play again'. It was just unbelievable. I sat in the hospital with my hand in this bag and I thought, that's it – I'm finished. But eventually I thought 'I'm not going to accept that. There must be a way I can play'."[19] After the injury Iommi's factory foreman played him a recording of famous jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt who notably played with two fingers, which encouraged him to continue as a musician. As Iommi later wrote:
“ | "My friend said, "Listen to this guy play", and I went, "No way! Listening to someone play the guitar is the very last thing I want to do right now!" But he kept insisting and he ended up playing the record for me. I told him I thought it was really good and then he said, 'You know, the guy's only playing with two fingers on his fretboard hand because of an injury he sustained in a terrible fire.' I was totally knocked back by this revelation and was so impressed by what I had just heard that I suddenly became inspired to start trying to play again." | ” |
— Tony Iommi, Guitar World[20]
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Inspired by Reinhardt's two-fingered guitar playing, Iommi decided to try playing guitar again, though the injury made it quite painful to do so.[21] Although it was an option, Iommi never seriously considered switching hands and learning to play right-handed. In an interview with Guitar World magazine, he was asked if he was "ever tempted to switch to right-handed playing." Iommi responded:
“ | "If I knew what I know now I probably would have switched. At the time I had already been playing two or three years, and it seemed like I had been playing a long time. I thought I’d never be able to change the way I played. The reality of the situation was that I hadn’t been playing very long at all, and I probably could have spent the same amount of time learning to play right handed. I did have a go at it, but I just didn’t have the patience. It seemed impossible to me. I decided to make do with what I had, and I made some plastic fingertips for myself. I just persevered with it." | ” |
— Tony Iommi, Guitar World[22]
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He ultimately decided to continue playing left-handed. To do so, he fitted homemade thimbles to his injured fingers to extend and protect them; the thimbles were made from an old Fairy Liquid bottle – "melted it down, got a hot soldering iron and shaped it like a finger" – and cut sections from a leather jacket to cover his new homemade prosthetic,[23] which created two technical problems. First, the thimbles prevented him from feeling the strings, causing a tendency to press down very hard on them. Second, he had difficulty bending strings, leading him to seek light-gauge guitar strings to make it easier to do so.[24] However, Iommi recalls that such strings were not manufactured at the time, so he used banjo strings instead, until around 1970–71 when Picato Strings began making light-gauge guitar strings.[25] Furthermore, he used the injured fingers predominantly for fretting chords rather than single-note solos.[26] In 1974, Iommi told Guitar Player magazine that the thimbles "helped with his technique" because he had to use his little finger more than he had before the accident.[27] Later, he also began tuning his guitar to lower pitches, sometimes as far as three semitones below standard guitar tuning (e.g., on "Children of the Grave", "Lord of this World", and "Into the Void", all on the album Master of Reality). Although Iommi states that the main purpose of doing so was to create a "bigger, heavier sound", slackening the strings makes it easier to bend them.[28]
Iommi reflected in 2016 saying that his greatest regret is losing his fingertips:
“ | "It became a burden. Some people say it helped me invent the kind of music I play, but I don’t know whether it did. It’s just something I’ve had to learn to live with. It affects your playing style; you can’t feel the strings, and there are certain chords I can’t play. Right at the beginning I was told by doctors: “You won’t be playing guitar.” But I believed I could do it, and I did." | ” |
— Tony Iommi, Team Rock[29]
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In one interview Iommi would show the box of fingers he used and noted in said interview, along with his book, that he carried a soldering iron with him on the road to do work on the fingers if needed.[30] On 20 February 2015 VH1 and That Metal Show would release an animated short entitled Fingers Bloody Fingers, narrated by Iommi. Iommi would also note that his use of banjo strings on the guitar to adjust to his playing would lead to the creation of light-gauge guitar strings.[31]
Musical Career[]
Early Bands[]
Iommi had played in several blues/rock bands, one of the earliest of which was The Rockin' Chevrolets from 1964 to 1965. The band had regular bookings. Iommi later joined The Birds And Bees, and when they were offered work in Germany, Iommi decided to leave his factory job to take up the opportunity.[32] From 1966 to 1967 Iommi played in a band named The Rest. It was in the Rest that Iommi first met future-Black Sabbath drummer Bill Ward, who played drums and sang in the band.[33]
From January until July 1968 Iommi was guitarist in Mythology, with Ward joining a month later in mid-February. In May 1968 police raided the group's practice flat and found cannabis resin, which resulted in fines for the band members. Most significantly, the incident made it quite difficult for the band to secure future bookings as most club owners avoided bands they viewed as drug users.[34] Mythology subsequently split up after a gig in Silloth on 13 July 1968.
In August 1968 at the same time as the break-up of Mythology, another Birmingham band called Rare Breed also broke up. Vocalist Ozzy Osbourne joined with Iommi and Ward after the duo responded to an advert in a local music shop proclaiming "Ozzy Zig Requires Gig – has own PA".[35] Requiring a bassist, Osbourne mentioned his former Rare Breed bandmate Geezer Butler, who was subsequently hired along with slide guitarist Jimmy Phillips and saxophonist Alan "Aker" Clarke. The six-piece band were named The Polka Tulk Blues Band.[36] After just two gigs (the last of which was at the Banklands Youth Club in Workington), Phillips and Clarke were dismissed from the band, which soon after shortened its name to Polka Tulk.[37]
Iommi, Butler, Ward and Osbourne renamed the band Earth in September 1968. The same month Iommi briefly departed to join Jethro Tull. However, after only two performances (an appearance on "The Rolling Stones Rock & Roll Circus" in which the band mimed "A Song for Jeffrey", which Ian Anderson sang live and a live appearance at BBC), Iommi was back with Earth in November 1968.
“ | "I learned quite a lot from him, I must say. I learned that you have got to work at it. You have to rehearse. When I came back and I got the band (Earth) back together, I made sure that everybody was up early in the morning and rehearsing. I used to go and pick them up. I was the only one at the time that could drive. I used to have to drive the bloody van and get them up at quarter to nine every morning; which was, believe me, early for us then. I said to them, "This is how we have got to do it because this is how Jethro Tull did it." They had a schedule and they knew that they were going to work from this time till that time. I tried that with our band and we got into doing it. It worked. Instead of just strolling in at any hour, it made it more like we were saying, "Let’s do it!" | ” |
— Tony Iommi, Unknown Source
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Black Sabbath[]
- For more details feel free to view the Riffipedia page on Black Sabbath.
In August 1969, after being confused with another group named Earth (who had minor success in England), the group renamed themselves Black Sabbath, recording their debut album with Rodger Bain in just a single day. Black Sabbath was released on Friday the 13th, February 1970, and reached number 8 in the UK Albums Chart. Following its U.S. and Canadian release in May 1970 by Warner Bros. Records, the album reached number 23 on the Billboard 200, where it remained for over a year.[38][39] It sold in substantial numbers despite being panned, giving the band their first mainstream exposure. It has since been certified platinum in both U.S. by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and in the UK by British Phonographic Industry (BPI),[40] and is now generally accepted as the first heavy metal album.[41]
The band returned to the studio in June 1970, just four months after Black Sabbath was released. The new album was initially set to be named War Pigs after the song "War Pigs", which was critical of the Vietnam War; however, Warner changed the title of the album to Paranoid. The album's lead-off single, "Paranoid", was written in the studio at the last minute. Ward explains: "We didn't have enough songs for the album, and Tony just played the [Paranoid] guitar lick and that was it. It took twenty, twenty-five minutes from top to bottom."[42] The single was released in September 1970 and reached number four on the UK Singles Chart, remaining Black Sabbath's only top ten hit.[43] The album followed in the UK in October 1970, where, pushed by the success of the "Paranoid" single, it made number one in the charts.
Iommi's factory accident affected the Black Sabbath sound; Iommi had detuned his guitar by 1971's Master of Reality album, lowering string tension and easing the pain to his fingertips. Black Sabbath bassist Geezer Butler did the same to match Iommi. Sabbath was among the first bands to detune, and the technique became a mainstay of heavy metal music. Iommi combined blues-like guitar solos and dark, minor-key riffing with a revolutionary high-gain, heavily distorted tone with his use of power chords, a modified treble-boosting effect-pedal and a Gibson SG.
By the late 1970s, Black Sabbath were suffering from substance abuse, managerial problems, and touring exhaustion. In addition, the band's slow, blues-driven riffs were seen by some as outmoded against the rising generation of metal bands such as Judas Priest and Motörhead. After the albums Technical Ecstasy and Never Say Die! were not universally critically well received, Iommi and Butler decided that Sabbath needed a fresh start so, in the summer of 1979, they replaced Osbourne with Ronnie James Dio, the former vocalist for Rainbow. With Dio, Black Sabbath produced Heaven and Hell, an album that attempted to update Black Sabbath's sound for the 1980s and include the soaring vocals that characterized the NWOBHM (New wave of British heavy metal) scene. Halfway through the 1980 tour, Bill Ward dropped out due to alcohol problems and displeasure with the direction that Dio was taking the band. He was replaced by Vinny Appice. With Iommi and Geezer Butler the only original members, this line-up produced Mob Rules. Dio quit the following year to begin a solo career, so Sabbath went through a revolving door line-up for the next decade with a succession of frontmen – Ian Gillan, Glenn Hughes, Ray Gillen and Tony Martin. After Ian Gillan (formerly of Deep Purple) departed the band in 1984, Geezer Butler left as well. With Sabbath in effective hiatus, Iommi recorded his first solo album, entitled Seventh Star. The album featured Glenn Hughes (also formerly of Deep Purple) on vocals, but due to label pressures, it was billed as a release by "Black Sabbath featuring Tony Iommi."
Iommi would largely keep Sabbath going with new singer Tony Martin, beginning with 1987's The Eternal Idol, followed by Headless Cross and Tyr before Dio, Butler and Appice would re-join for the 1992 album Dehumanizer.
In 1992, Iommi appeared at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert, playing four songs with the remaining members of Queen and other guest artists. Geezer Butler also returned to Sabbath that year. In the following year Iommi teamed up with fellow Black Country band Diamond Head and co-wrote the song "Starcrossed (Lovers in the Night)" for their 1993 Death and Progress album. At Osbourne's "farewell" concert at Costa Mesa in 1992, Dio refused to perform and abruptly left the band. As a result, Rob Halford was recruited to perform as the vocalist for two gigs (Halford also sang at one of the dates on the 2004 Ozzfest tour, when Osbourne couldn't perform due to bronchitis). Following Osbourne's solo set, the show concluded with the other members of the original Black Sabbath line-up joining for a 4-song reunion.
Black Sabbath went on to record two further albums with Tony Martin (1994's Cross Purposes and 1995's Forbidden) before the original line-up reunited as a touring band in 1997. The reunited original lineup would release Reunion in 1998, also featuring two songs. The original lineup would remain active touring, mostly as part of OzzFest, until 2005.
On 11 November 2011, the original band members announced that they were reuniting and recording a new album, although Bill Ward did not participate and Brad Wilk took his place at drums for the sessions.[44] The new album, 13, was released in June 2013 to largely positive reviews and commercial success. Sabbath would tour heavily in support of the album until September 2015 when Sabbath announced they would embark on their final world tour entitled The End. From January 2016 too February 2017 shows were announced all over the world. Initial plans were to compose a follow-up album to 13 but were ultimately scrapped though a live EP featuring four live recordings and the remaining songs from the 13 sessions were released as The End.[45]
In November 2016, Iommi discussed the possibility of plans after the final tour, mainly the idea of writing and recording new material but no touring.[46] In an interview with Blabbermouth, Iommi also mentioned the possibility of one-off performances and future recordings despite the band's retirement after the final shows.[47] The final shows of The End tour took place at the Genting Arena in their home city of Birmingham, England on 2 and 4 February 2017, with the band confirming that Sabbath would be broken up.
Iommi[]
Iommi would begin a solo career in 1996, recording a series of sessions that year, recording at the DEP International Studios in Digbeth, Birmingham with former Sabbath vocalist Glenn Hughes on Vocals and Bass, along with Dave Holland (Judas Priest) on drums and established keyboardist Don Airey. This album would be shelved and later bootlegged as Eighth Star.
Focus would later shift on a proper solo album with producer Bob Marlette, with Iommi writing all of the songs and the album taking nearly five years to make. Recruiting a host of guest musicians for the album, including a different vocalist on each track, Iommi would see release on 17 October 2000 to positive reception.[48][49] Vocalists on the album would include Henry Rollins (Black Flag, Rollins Band), Dave Grohl (Scream, Nirvana, Foo Fighters, etc.), Phil Anselmo (Pantera, Down, etc.), Peter Steele (Carnivore, Type O Negative) and former Sabbath bandmate Ozzy Osbourne among others.
Working with Sanctuary and Mayan Records, the 1996 recording sessions would be re-mastered and the drums re-recorded by Jimmy Copley (as Dave Holland had been indicted on rape charges.[50]) and release the album as The 1996 DEP Sessions on 28 September 2004. Iommi would work with Hughes again on a new studio album with drummer Kenny Aronoff (John Mellencamp) to release Fused on 11 July 2005 to positive reviews and peaking at number 34 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers list.[51]
Iommi's solo band was intended to tour with Geezer Butler's solo band GZR but plans would change when the two would begin talks with Ronnie James Dio, leading to the formation of Heaven & Hell the next year.
Iommi had signed with Mike Fleiss's movie production company Next Films to score a series of horror films entitled Black Sabbath.[52]
Since 1989 Tony Iommi was involved in the Rock Aid Armenia project. In October 2009 Iommi and his colleague Ian Gillan were awarded the Orders of Honor – Armenia's highest order, which were delivered to them by the Prime Minister of Armenia for their help after the Spitak earthquake.[53] They formed the supergroup WhoCares and recorded a single called "Out of my Mind", which was released 6 May 2011 for the benefit of the music school to be built in Gyumri, Armenia. In January 2012, when Iommi was announced to have stage 3 lymphoma, the Armenian Prime Minister sent a letter of support: "We know your spirit is strong as ever, and we do believe the genius of your inspiration that guides you through the work on the new Black Sabbath album will transform into a boost of strength and energy that you need now, when things look tough".[54]
Iommi wrote the song "Lonely Planet" which was sung by Dorians for Armenia in the 2013 Eurovision Song Contest.[55][56]
In November 2021 Iommi would unveil his first solo recording since 2013 in Scent of Dark, done in collaboration with a fragrance designed with luxury Italian perfume house Xerjoff and Sergio Momo. Scent of Dark features Iommi on guitar alongside Momo on guitar, Jimmy Crutchley on bass, Ash Sheehan on drums, Rebecca Rose on cello and Julianne Bourne on violin.[57]
Heaven & Hell[]
While Ozzy Osbourne was working on new solo album material in 2006, Rhino Records released Black Sabbath: The Dio Years, a compilation of songs culled from the four Black Sabbath releases featuring Ronnie James Dio. For the release, Iommi, Butler, Dio and Appice reunited to write and record three new songs as Black Sabbath. The Dio Years was released on 3 April 2007, reaching number 54 on the Billboard 200 while the single "The Devil Cried" reached number 37 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. Pleased with the results, Iommi and Dio decided to reunite the Heaven and Hell era line-up for a world tour. While the line-up of Osbourne, Butler, Iommi and Ward were still officially called Black Sabbath, the new line-up opted to call themselves Heaven & Hell, after the album of the same name, to avoid confusion. Ward was initially set to participate, but dropped out before the tour began due to musical differences with "a couple of the band members". He was replaced by former drummer Vinny Appice, effectively reuniting the line-up that had featured on the Mob Rules and Dehumanizer albums.[58]
Heaven & Hell toured the US with openers Megadeth and Machine Head and recorded a live album and DVD in New York on 30 March 2007, titled Live from Radio City Music Hall. In November 2007, Dio confirmed that the band had plans to record a new studio album, which was recorded in the following year. In April 2008 the band announced the upcoming release of a new box set and their participation in the Metal Masters Tour, alongside Judas Priest, Motörhead and Testament.[59] The box set, The Rules of Hell, featuring remastered versions of all the Dio fronted Black Sabbath albums, was supported by the Metal Masters Tour. In 2009, the band announced the name of their only studio album, The Devil You Know, released on 28 April with a tour supporting the album that year.[60]
On 26 May 2009 Osbourne filed suit in a federal court in New York against Iommi alleging that he illegally claimed the band name. Iommi noted that he has been the only constant band member for its full 41-year career, and that his bandmates relinquished their rights to the name in the 1980s, therefore claiming more rights to the name of the band. Although, in the suit, Osbourne was seeking 50% ownership of the trademark, he said that he hoped the proceedings would lead to equal ownership among the four original members.[61]
Ronnie James Dio died on 16 May 2010 from stomach cancer, effectively ending the band. In June 2010, the legal battle between Ozzy Osbourne and Tony Iommi over the trademarking of the Black Sabbath name ended, but the terms of the settlement have not been disclosed.[62]
The three surviving members performed a final Heaven & Hell set in tribute to Dio at the High Voltage Festival on 24 July 2010. Filling in for the departed Dio on vocals for this set, after an introduction from Wendy Dio, were two guest vocalists: former Black Sabbath and Deep Purple vocalist Glenn Hughes and Norwegian singer Jørn Lande of Masterplan and Jørn. All of the proceeds from the event went towards the Ronnie James Dio Stand Up and Shout Cancer Fund.
Personal Life[]
Iommi purchased his first house in Stafford, England, in 1972. He also purchased an adjacent property for his parents.[63]
Iommi has been married four times.[64] In late 1973 Iommi married Susan Snowdon, to whom he had been introduced by Black Sabbath's then-manager Patrick Meehan.[65] The song "Fluff", an Iommi instrumental composition later released on the Sabbath Bloody Sabbath album, was played as Snowdon walked down the aisle.[66] Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham was Iommi's best man for the ceremony. The marriage lasted for three years. Iommi said in a 1991 Guitar World interview that the troubled recording and mixing of Black Sabbath's 1976 album Technical Ecstasy contributed to the end of his marriage.
Iommi married an American model named Melinda in 1980. They had a daughter, Toni-Marie Iommi, in 1983, who was the vocalist for the now-defunct band LunarMile.[67] Iommi divorced Melinda in the mid-1980s.[68] When Toni-Marie was 12 years old, Iommi won custody of her after she was placed in foster care. Toni-Marie has described her early childhood with a mentally unbalanced mother as difficult but says that her father finally "saved her". She has stated that with her father she was able to regain her trust in other people.[69] Mikko "Linde" Lindström, guitarist with Finnish band HIM, became engaged to Toni-Marie in August 2010.[70] In 2013, the couple were reported to have broken-up.[71]
In 1986–87 Iommi met an Englishwoman named Valery, and after a six-year relationship they married. She had a son from a previous relationship named Jay. They divorced in the late 90s.[72] Iommi confirmed in the same Guitar World interview referenced above (a co-interview with Metallica's James Hetfield) that he has a son. He told Hetfield regarding the band's so-called "Black Album", that "my son gave me a copy of your latest album..."
In 2005, Iommi married Maria Sjöholm, formerly vocalist for Swedish alternative metal band Drain STH. They met around 1998, when Tony was working on music for Drain STH. After a year of talking on the phone, in 1999, Maria relocated to England and moved into Tony's home. On 19 August 2005, without telling anyone, Maria and Tony married at the Sunset Marquis hotel, with only one witness present. On page 312 of his book, Tony calls the low-key wedding the "Best thing I ever did!"[73]
During the mid-1980s Iommi was briefly engaged to rock musician Lita Ford, formerly of The Runaways.[74][75] Iommi co-produced her solo album The Bride Wore Black, which to date remains unreleased.[76][77] Ford herself has said that her involvement with him during that period was strictly personal and that he had no involvement in the half-finished album.[78] She said in a 1989 Kerrang! interview that "there's a certain amount of bad blood between Tony and I."
On 19 November 2013, Iommi received an Honorary Doctorate of Arts degree from Coventry University. The honorary degree came "in recognition of his contribution to the world of popular music", and recognized "his role as one of the founding fathers of heavy metal music and his status as one of the industry's most influential figures", the university said.[79] Iommi is also a Visiting Professor of Music at Coventry University.[80]
Iommi holds dual British-Italian citizenship, acquiring Italian citizenship due to being born to an Italian mother.[81][82]
Iommi said in 2016 that he believed in God and was a Catholic, but that he had not attended church services since childhood.[83] In January 2017, a choral work by Iommi entitled "How Good It Is" – with lyrics inspired by Psalm 133 – received its debut performance at Birmingham Cathedral. Catherine Ogle, the Dean of Birmingham, said, "This is a most wonderful gift Tony offered to the cathedral."[84]
In his autobiography, Tony writes that his parents were Catholics but weren't regular churchgoers. He continues, 'I hardly go to church either. I wouldn't know what to do there. I actually do believe in a God, but I don't feel that I have to press the point.'
Cancer Diagnosis[]
In early 2012, Iommi was diagnosed with the early stages of lymphoma,[85] for which he underwent successful treatment. Black Sabbath's 2013 tour dates were arranged so that Iommi was free to return to the UK once every six weeks to have an antibody administered.[86] On 3 January 2014, in a New Year message, Iommi announced that he would be finishing his regular treatment some time that year.[87] A few months later, Black Sabbath announced that due to Iommi's health issues, they were undertaking their final tour.[88] As of 11 August 2016 Tony Iommi announced that his cancer was in remission.[89] Later pressings of Iommi's autobiography would have an added chapter in regards to his cancer diagnosis.
According to a report in Rolling Stone magazine from 9 December 2016, Iommi revealed that he was due to have an operation to remove a lump from his throat. In an early 2017 interview with the UK radio show Planet Rock, Iommi explained that the lump wasn't cancerous.[90]
Influence and Legacy[]
Tony Iommi is widely considered to be one of the greatest rock guitarists of all time. In 2005, Metal Hammer magazine ranked him number 1 on the poll of the "Riff Lords", praising his "highly distinctive style of fretsmanship that's economical yet crushingly effective".[91] In 2007, Classic Rock magazine ranked him number 6 on their list of the "100 Wildest Guitar Heroes".[92] In 2011, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 25 in their list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".[93] Joel McIver ranked him the 6th greatest metal guitarist of all time. In 2012, readers of Guitar World ranked Iommi the 7th-greatest rock guitarist of all time.[94] Editors of the same magazine ranked him the greatest heavy metal guitarist of all time.[95]
Iommi has won a number of awards. These include Q Awards (Gibson Les Paul Award, 2015),[96] Kerrang! Awards (Icon, 2018),[97] as well as three Grammy Awards won as a member of Black Sabbath (Along with one Grammy nomination with the Swedish doom metal band Candlemass).[98]
Ian Anderson of Jethro Tull has said: "Tony managed to turn his physical impairment around into something that makes him one of the guitar legends – if not for his dexterity of playing but at least for the fact that his contribution to rock music is a unique one".[99] Gene Simmons of Kiss regards him as "the man who came up with the riffs that launched an army of guitar players";[100] Ozzy Osbourne calls him "the master of the metal riff" and Ronnie James Dio called him "the ultimate riff master".[101]
Furthermore, Iommi is recognised by many as the main creator of heavy metal music. Brian May of Queen considers him "the true father of heavy metal", Eddie Van Halen stated that "without Tony, heavy metal wouldn't exist. He is the creator of heavy!"[102] and James Hetfield of Metallica, who was profoundly influenced by Iommi, defines him "The king of the heavy riff".[103] Rob Halford, vocalist for Judas Priest, when filling in for Ozzy Osbourne during an August 2004 concert in Philadelphia, introduced Iommi to the audience as "The man who invented the heavy metal riff".[104] Michael Amott of Carcass and Arch Enemy considers Iommi his "guitar hero" and the world's greatest guitarist "because he invented the heavy tone and evil riff".[105] According to Lamb of God singer Randy Blythe, "Iommi is the reason heavy metal exists".[106]
He has been credited as the forerunner of other styles: Martin Popoff defines him "the godfather of stoner rock";[107] Jeff Kitts and Brad Tolinski of Guitar World assert that "grunge, goth, thrash, industrial, death, doom... whatever. None of it would exist without Tony Iommi".[108] According to Hawaii Public Radio: "it is hard to imagine Nirvana, Soundgarden, Pearl Jam or Alice in Chains without Black Sabbath, and without Tony Iommi. Judas Priest, Iron Maiden, Scorpions, Metallica, Slayer, Pantera and essentially every metal band can be traced to the musical framework found in Iommi compositions".[109] Many notable musicians count Iommi as a major influence on their own playing; some of them include Jeff Hanneman (Slayer), Dimebag Darrell (Pantera),[110] Slash (Guns N' Roses, Velvet Revolver),[111] Scott Ian (Anthrax),[112] Zakk Wylde (Ozzy Osbourne, Black Label Society),[113] Tom Morello (Rage Against the Machine),[114] Billy Corgan (The Smashing Pumpkins),[115] Kim Thayil (Soundgarden),[116] and Nick Oliveri (Kyuss, Queens of the Stone Age).[117] Jerry Cantrell of Alice in Chains was strongly influenced by Iommi's dark bendings, which he uses often.[118] Andy LaRocque of King Diamond said that the clean guitar part of "Sleepless Nights" from the Conspiracy album is inspired by Iommi's playing on Never Say Die!.[119]
Notably the California stoner metal band Sleep has cited Black Sabbath as a key influence but especially Iommi, who is displayed by the band as a diety-like figure. Iommi is consistently referenced by the band in lyrics, social media posts and several tour posters that subliminally use his image.
Bands[]
- The Rockin' Chevrolets - Guitars (1964 - 1965)
- The Rest - Guitars (1966 - 1967)
- Velvett Fogg - Guitars (1968)
- Mythology - Guitars (1968 - 1969)
- Black Sabbath - Guitars (1968 - 2006, 2011 - 2017)
- Jethro Tull - Guitars (Live) (1969)
- Iommi - Guitars (1996 - 2006)
- Belch - Guitars (2000 - ?)
- Heaven & Hell - Guitars (2006 - 2010)
- WhoCares - Guitars (2011 - 2012)
Discography[]
Black Sabbath (Selected Discography)[]
For full discography, see Black Sabbath.
- Black Sabbath (1970, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Paranoid (1970, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Master of Reality (1971, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Vol. 4 (1972, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Sabbath Bloody Sabbath (1973, World Wide Artists / Warner Bros.)
- Sabotage (1975, Nems / Warner Bros.)
- Technical Ecstasy (1976, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Never Say Die! (1978, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Heaven and Hell (1980, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Mob Rules (1981, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Born Again (1983, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Seventh Star (1986, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- The Eternal Idol (1987, Vertigo / Warner Bros.)
- Headless Cross (1989, I.R.S.)
- Tyr (1990, I.R.S.)
- Dehumanizer (1992, I.R.S.)
- Cross Purposes (1994, I.R.S.)
- Forbidden (1995, I.R.S.)
- 13 (2013, Vertigo / Universal)
Iommi[]
- Iommi (2000, Divine Recordings)
- The 1996 Sanctuary Sessions (2004, Sanctuary Records)
- Fused (2005, Sanctuary Records)
Heaven & Hell[]
- Live From Radio City Music Hall (2007, Rhino Entertainment)
- The Devil You Know (2009, Rhino Entertainment)
- Neon Nights: 30 Years of Heaven & Hell (2010, Armoury Records)
Guest Appearances[]
- Lita Ford - The Bride Wore Black - Producer (Mid 1980s; Never released.)
- Queen - The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert - Guitar on "Heaven and Hell", "Pinball Wizard", "I Want It All", "Hammer To Fall", "Stone Cold Crazy" and "The Show Must Go On" (1992)
- Diamond Head - Death and Progress - Guitar on "Starcrossed (Lovers of the Night)" (1993)
- Ozzy Osbourne - Live & Loud - Lead Guitar on "Black Sabbath" (1993)
- Cathedral - The Carnival Bizarre - Guitar on "Utopian Blaster" (1995)
- Drain - Freaks of Nature - Guitars (Lead) on "Black" (1999)
- Necromandus - Orexis of Death - Producer and guitar solo on "Orexis of Death" (1999; recorded 1973)
- Ian Gillan - Gillan's Inn - Guitars on "Trashed" (2006)
- Girlschool - Legacy - Guitars (Lead) on "I Spy (Dio/Iommi Mix)" (2008)
- WhoCares - Ian Gillan and Tony Iommi: Who Cares (2012)
- Dorians - Lonely Planet (Single) - Writer and Producer (2013)
- Candlemass - The Door To Doom - Guitar on "Astorolus - The Great Octopus" (2019)
Equipment[]
Iommi's deep and heavy sound was partly born out of necessity—his "revolutionary signature sound" being the result of the accident and the subsequent downtuning by three semitones. He said that his "extreme volume" was likewise necessary, "because we were fed up with people talking over us while we were playing."[120]
Guitars[]
- Jaydee Custom SGs[121]
Built in Birmingham by luthier John Diggins sometime between 1975 and 1978, the guitar was first used for overdubs on the 'Heaven and Hell' album and later became one of Iommi's main guitars. The guitar is equipped with a 24 fret neck with custom cross inlays, four control knobs (three of which are functional), a disconnected second output jack, a hole for a master volume knob on the pick guard covered up with a black stopper and a highly distressed finish. He had two more built for him. One was made to the same specifications of his first Jaydee SG with a red finish. Another one was made and used during the Born Again era, which can be seen on the music videos for "Trashed" and "Zero the Hero." The differences are the finish, headstock, use of a stoptail bridge, and use of rail humbuckers, as opposed to the 18-pole humbuckers on his two other versions.
- Gibson SG, aka "Monkey"[122]
A 1965 Gibson SG Special in red finish fitted with a Gibson P-90 pick-up in the bridge position and a custom-wound John Birch Simplux, a P-90 style single coil in the neck position. The guitar became Iommi's main instrument after his white Stratocaster's neck pick-up failed during the recording of Black Sabbath's self-titled album. It is currently on permanent display at the New York City Hard Rock Café.
- Gibson Custom Shop SG[123]
The guitar was built by the Gibson Custom Shop in Nashville after Iommi's specifications and finished in 1997. The guitar is one of two made as prototypes for the Gibson Custom Shop Limited Edition Iommi Special SG. The guitar features a neck with 24 frets and four control knobs, of which only two are active (much like his old Jaydee Custom guitar).
On 11 August 2010, Iommi announced on his website that this guitar was stolen from the RJD tribute show that Heaven & Hell performed at High Voltage on 24 July 2010. He is asking that anyone with information or leads let them know. He is offering a reward for its safe return.[124]
- Epiphone P94 Iommi SG[125]
A stock Epiphone SG signature model in black finish fitted with P-94 pick-ups which is a version of the Gibson P-90 pick-up designed to fit into existing humbucker housings.
- Gibson SG Standard
A regular left-handed version of the SG fitted with two extra frets to give Iommi the full two octaves which he prefers. The guitar is equipped with his signature pick-up. Iommi was the first guitarist to have a signature pick-up designed and built by Gibson. He also has another model fitted with a Floyd Rose floating tremolo.[126]
- Fender Stratocaster[127]
Iommi played a Fender Stratocaster that was spraypainted white by Iommi and his father during the early days with Black Sabbath. However, the neck pick-up malfunctioned during the recording of their first album, so Iommi quickly turned to his backup Gibson SG to finish the record. Currently Iommi owns two Stratocasters, one of which has been modified with his signature pick-up in the bridge position.
- St. Moritz Tony Iommi Custom SG[128]
Custom built for Iommi by St. Moritz guitars, this is a replica of Iommi's Gibson SG "Monkey". It was used on the 13 album and for the tour.
- BC Rich Ironbird
Custom built for Iommi by BC Rich. Features include Dimarzio pick-ups, two built-in preamps, scalloped fretboard and Iommi's trademark cross inlays. This guitar can be seen in Tony's Star Licks Video, for Star Licks Productions along with a left handed BC Rich mockingbird.
- Gibson Barney Kessel[129]
A rare left-handed version of the jazz guitarist Barney Kessel artist model, built sometime in the first half of the 1960s.
- Epiphone Riviera 12 string[130]
Originally a regular right-handed version in red finish that was converted by Epiphone to a left-handed version to fit Iommi.
*LaBella custom gauge strings[131]
- Shure Wireless systems[132]
- A Gibson Tony Iommi Signature Pick Up has been available for the past two decades. The pick-up got its first ‘blooding’ on the Black Sabbath reunion/Ozzfest tour in the summer,of 1997, loaded into an SG that J.T. Riboloff of Gibson built. They also feature in the two SGs (one black and one red) that the Gibson Custom Shop built for Iommi in late 1997, as prototypes for the Tony Iommi special Custom Shop model. The pick-up is still in production, and available in silver, gold or black covers. It has been used in the Custom Shop models, the factory Iommi SG and most recently in the Epiphone Iommi SG.[133]
Effects[]
- Boss chorus pedal
- Boss octave pedal
- Dallas Rangemaster Treble Booster
- Drawmer LX22 compressor
- Korg DL8000R multi-tap delay
- Korg SDD1000 rackmount delay
- Peavey Addverb III
- Tycobrahe wah pedal[134][135]
Amplification[]
- Laney TI100 Tony Iommi Signature: Current main amp. Two channel version of the GH100TI.
- Laney GH 100 TI Tony Iommi Signature amplifiers: Iommi's main up from 1993 – early 2012.[136]
- ENGL Powerball Amplifiers: only used in 2009[137]
- Laney 4×12 cabinets[138]
- Various Marshall amplifiers: from early to mid-1980s to 1993, including 9005 Power Amplifiers and 9001 Preamps, 4×12" speaker cabinets, 2554 Silver Jubilee Combo, 2558 Silver Jubilee Combo, Paul Reed Smith modded JCM800 head. Marshall 1959 Super Lead modified by John "Dawk" Stillwell for Heaven and Hell and Mob Rules.
- Laney Supergroup Heads: his main amplifier from 1968 to 1979. For Black Sabbath's ‘The End’ tour, Laney re-engineered the original Iommi amp, LA 100BL (Supergroup) and these amps were used throughout the tour.[139]
- Orange 1972 w/ 4x12 cab Only used for the filming of the music videos for Iron Man and Paranoid.
- Laney Klipp: used on Master of Reality
- Mesa Boogie Mark series heads: from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s
Quotes on Guitars[]
“ | "It was the same with 24-fret necks. I put money into a company because I couldn't get guitars built the way I wanted them. I had to prove it to the manufacturers. So I put money into John Birch guitars, and he built my guitars. I had to prove it worked. All of this was done by experimenting and trial and error. I paid for that myself in the early days to show it could be done. And I paid for all these companies to get the benefits nowadays. Back then they all said it couldn't be done. I also used locking nuts years and years ago without a tremolo, before locking nuts were the norm." | ” |
— Tony Iommi, Vintage Guitar Magazine[140]
|
“ | "I also came up with a guitar with interchangeable pickups you could slot in from the back. It was a John Birch guitar. We only sold one, and Roy Orbison bought it. I came up with that years ago and the first one was made for me to use in the studio. At the time I had a lot of problems tuning guitars because of the neck and the light strings on the Gibson. I decided to come up with a guitar that I could use in the studio with different sounds so that I didn't have to keep changing guitars. You could slot a pickup in it and get a Fender sound, then slot a different pickup in it and get a Gibson sound. That was the idea. I did use it for a while, but they were too expensive to mass-produce." | ” |
— Tony Iommi, Vintage Guitar Magazine[141]
|
External Links[]
References[]
- ↑ Rolling Stone
- ↑ SPIN
- ↑ Treble Zine
- ↑ Louder Sound
- ↑ Louder Sound
- ↑ Loudwire
- ↑ Guitar World
- ↑ Digital Dream Door
- ↑ [Iommi, Tony (2012). Iron Man: My Journey through Heaven and Hell with Black Sabbath (first paperback ed.). Boston, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-82145-5 – via Internet Archive.]
- ↑ [Iommi, Tony (2012). Iron Man: My Journey through Heaven and Hell with Black Sabbath (first paperback ed.). Boston, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-82145-5 – via Internet Archive.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 10.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 3.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 11–12.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 12.]
- ↑ [Gill, Chris (December 2008). "The Eternal Idol". Guitar World.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. XI.]
- ↑ Music Week
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. XII, 20–21.]
- ↑ BBC.co.uk
- ↑ / Iommi OfficialNever Say Die: Overcoming overwhelming odds, and the right way to play Paranoid, accessed 27 November 2020
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 21.]
- ↑ Guitar World via Wayback MachineTony Iommi Interview Outtakes, Guitar World, accessed 27 November 2020
- ↑ BBC.co.uk
- ↑ Guitar WorldGuitar World presents 100 greatest guitarists of all time from the pages of Guitar World magazine. Hal Leonard. p. 13. , accessed 27 November 2020]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 24.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 25–27.]
- ↑ [Michael Molenda, ed. Guitar Player Presents Guitar Heroes of the 70s (Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 2011), 131.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 94.]
- ↑ Team RockTony Iommi on inventing heavy metal, drinking with Gillan, and not being evil, accessed 27 November 2020
- ↑ YouTube
- ↑ That Metal Show via YouTube
- ↑ Brumbeat
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 28–29.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 37–39.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 37–39.]
- ↑ [Osbourne, Ozzy (2011). I Am Ozzy. Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0446569903.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 43.]
- ↑ AllMusic
- ↑ Rolling Stone
- ↑ RIAA via Wayback Machine
- ↑ [Wagner, Jeff (2010). Mean Deviation: Four Decades of Progressive Heavy Metal. Bazillion Points Books. p. 10. ISBN 978-0979616334.]
- ↑ [Rosen, Steven (1996). The Story of Black Sabbath: Wheels of Confusion. Castle Communications. ISBN 978-1-86074-149-4.]
- ↑ Rolling Stone
- ↑ Rolling Stone
- ↑ BlabbermouthAccessed 8 February 2017
- ↑ Ultimate Classic RockAccessed 8 February 2017
- ↑ BlabbermouthAccessed 8 February 2017
- ↑ AllMusic
- ↑ Rock Hard
- ↑ KNAC
- ↑ AllMusic Billboard
- ↑ Downtuned.net via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Tony Iommi Fantastic
- ↑ Armenian PM sends a letter to Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi. 19.01.12 Archived 18 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ BBC.co.uk
- ↑ NME
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ Bill Ward via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Antimusic
- ↑ Billboard via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Rolling StoneAccessed 20 February 2017
- ↑ Classic Rock MagazineAccessed 20 February 2017
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 98–99.]
- ↑ Rockschool via YouTube
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 116.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 119.]
- ↑ LunarMile via Wayback Machine
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 203–205.]
- ↑ HS.FI via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ HS.FI via Wayback Machine
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, pp. 306–308.]
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 312.]
- ↑ IMDB via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Sleaze Roxx via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Rock and Roll Garage
- ↑ iHeartRadio
- ↑ Screamer Magazine
- ↑ BBC.co.uk via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Coventry.ac.uk
- ↑ [Iommi 2012, p. 1.]
- ↑ Inerno.gov.it
- ↑ Team Rock via Wayback Machine
- ↑ BBC.co.uk via Wayback Machine
- ↑ BBC.co.uk
- ↑ Rock Transmission via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Planet Rock via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ Mirror UK via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Planet Rock
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ Blabbermouth via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Rolling Stone via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Guitar World
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ Q The Music
- ↑ Kerrang
- ↑ Kerrang
- ↑ DMME
- ↑ [Interview taken from the TV program Gene Simmons' Rock School, 2005]
- ↑ [Ian Christe, Sound of the Beast, HarperCollins, 2010, p.342]
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ Blabbermouth
- ↑ Gibson via Wayback Machine
- ↑ All Out Guitar via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Revolver Magazine
- ↑ [CMJ New Music Monthly, April 2001, Num. 92, p.85]
- ↑ [Jeff Kitts, Brad Tolinski, Guitar World Presents the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time!, Hal Leonard Corporation, 2002, p.8]
- ↑ Hawaii Public Radio via Wayback Machine
- ↑ [Bob Gulla, Guitar Gods: The 25 Players who Made Rock History, ABC-CLIO, 2009, p.8]
- ↑ BraveWords
- ↑ Musicians Friend
- ↑ Guitar World via Wayback Machine
- ↑ [Jon Wiederhorn, Katherine Turman, Louder Than Hell: The Definitive Oral History of Metal, HarperCollins, 2013]
- ↑ Ultimate Guitar
- ↑ Premier Guitar via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Ultimate Guitar via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Guitar Player via Wayback Machine
- ↑ K.K.Downing Official
- ↑ Guitar World presents 100 greatest guitarists of all time from the pages of Guitar World magazine. Hal Leonard. p. 13.
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Freewebs via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Gibson Guitars via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Iommi Official via Wayback Machine
- ↑ Mix Down Magazine
- ↑ Vintage Guitar Magazine via Wayback MachineVintage Guitar magazine : Features, accessed 27 November 2020
- ↑ Vintage Guitar Magazine via Wayback MachineVintage Guitar magazine : Features, accessed 27 November 2020
V·T·E Black Sabbath | |
---|---|
Selected Members | Tony Iommi • Geezer Butler • Ozzy Osbourne • Bill Ward • Ronnie James Dio • Vinny Appice • Ian Gillan • Geoff Nicholls • Tony Martin • Cozy Powell |
Studio Albums | Black Sabbath • Paranoid • Master of Reality • Vol. 4 • Sabbath Bloody Sabbath • Sabotage • Technical Ecstasy • Never Say Die! • Heaven and Hell • Mob Rules • Born Again • Seventh Star • The Eternal Idol • Headless Cross • Tyr • Dehumanizer • Cross Purposes • Forbidden • 13 |
Heaven & Hell | Live From Radio City Music Hall • The Devil You Know • Neon Nights: 30 Years of Heaven & Hell |
Associated Acts | Heaven & Hell • Deadland Ritual • Iommi • G/Z/R • Dio • Rainbow • Deep Purple • Whitesnake |